Which security model emphasizes the segregation of duties to ensure checks and balances are in place?

The Principle of Separation of Duties is a security model that focuses on dividing responsibilities among multiple individuals to reduce the risk of fraud and error. By ensuring that no single individual has control over all aspects of any critical task, this principle helps establish checks and balances within an organization. For instance, in financial transactions, one person may initiate the transaction, while another authorizes it, and a third reconciles the accounts. This division helps to mitigate the risk of malicious activities and also catches mistakes more effectively.

In contrast, the other principles mentioned, while important in their respective contexts, do not specifically focus on the separation of tasks among different individuals. The Principle of Least Privilege emphasizes granting users the minimum level of access necessary for their roles, whereas the Principle of Access Control governs the management of permissions and controls that dictate who can access what information. The Principle of User Accountability revolves around holding individuals responsible for their actions and decisions within a system. While all these principles contribute to a secure environment, it is the Principle of Separation of Duties that specifically addresses the need for checks and balances through task division.